[1]
What else and where else: two worthwhile questions for an information
interface
Posters
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Lunzer, Aran
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Ohshima, Yoshiki
Proceedings of the 7th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
2012-10-14
p.815-816
© Copyright 2012 ACM
Summary: We make a case for widespread support, in interfaces for retrieving and
laying out information items, for two simple operations on the items being
displayed. The operations are predicated on the fact that the calculations
determining how items should be laid out, for example into a ranking, are often
highly sensitive to criteria that, for a given application, are somewhat
arbitrary. Subtly different criteria can lead to dramatically different
results. Our suggestion is to support users in understanding such differences
among multiple result displays, with a 'What else?' operation that shows which
items appear in a given location in any of those displays, and conversely a
'Where else?' that shows other locations where a given item can appear.
[2]
EDITED BOOK
No Code Required: Giving Users Tools to Transform the Web
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Cypher, Allen
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Dontcheva, Mira
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Lau, Tessa
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Nichols, Jeffrey
2010
p.512
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers
Introduction
End User Programming on the Web
+ Cypher, Allen
Why We Customize the Web
+ Miller, Robert
I. End User Programming Languages for the Web
Sloppy Programming
+ Little, Greg
Mixing the reactive with the personal: Opportunities for end user programming in Personal information management (system)
+ Van Kleek, Max
Going beyond PBD: A Play-by-Play and Mixed-initiative Approach (system)
+ Jung, Hyuckchul
Rewriting the Web with Chickenfoot (system)
+ Miller, Robert
A Goal-Oriented Web Browser (system)
+ Faaborg, Alexander
II. Systems and Applications
Clip, Connect, Clone: Combining Application Elements to Build Custom Interfaces for Information Access (system)
+ Fujima, Jun
Mash Maker (system)
+ Ennals, Robert
Collaborative scripting on the web (system)
+ Lau, Tessa
Programming by a Sample: Rapidly Creating Web Applications with d.mix (system)
+ Hartmann, Björn
Highlight: End User Mobilization of Existing Web Sites (system)
+ Nichols, Jeffrey
Subjunctive Interfaces for the Web
+ Lunzer, Aran
From Web Summaries to Search Templates: Automation for Personal Web Content (system)
+ Dontcheva, Mira
Access to the Temporal Web Through Zoetrope (system)
+ Adar, Eytan
Enabling End Users to Independently Build Accessibility into the Web
+ Bigham, Jeffrey
Social Accessibility: A Collaborative Approach For Improving Web Accessibility (system)
+ Borodin, Yevgen
III. Data Management and Interoperability
A World Wider than the Web: End User Programming Across Multiple Domains (system)
+ Haines, Will
Knowing What You're Talking About: Natural Language Programming of a Multi-Player Online Game (system)
+ Lieberman, Henry
IV. User Studies
Mashups for Web-Active End Users
+ Zang, Nan
Mashed layers and muddled models: debugging mashup applications
+ Jones, M. Cameron
Reuse in the world of end-user programmers
+ Scaffidi, Christopher
Using Web Search to Write Programs
+ Brandt, Joel
[3]
Subjunctive interfaces: Extending applications to support parallel setup,
viewing and control of alternative scenarios
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Lunzer, Aran
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Hornbæk, Kasper
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
2007
v.14
n.4
p.17
© Copyright 2007 ACM
Summary: Many applications require exploration of alternative scenarios; most support
it poorly. Subjunctive interfaces provide mechanisms for the parallel setup,
viewing and control of scenarios, aiming to support users' thinking about and
interaction with their choices. We illustrate how applications for information
access, real-time simulation, and document design may be extended with these
mechanisms. To investigate the usability of this form of extension, we compare
a simple census browser against a version with a subjunctive interface. In the
first of three studies, subjects reported higher satisfaction with the
subjunctive interface, and relied less on interim marks on paper. No reduction
in task completion time was found, however, mainly because some subjects
encountered problems in setting up and controlling scenarios. At the end of a
second, five-session study, users of a redesigned interface completed tasks 27%
more quickly than with the simple interface. In the third study we examined how
subjects reasoned about multiple-scenario setups in pursuing complex,
open-ended data explorations. Our main observation was that subjects treated
scenarios as information holders, using them creatively in various ways to
facilitate task completion.
[4]
RecipeSheet: creating, combining and controlling information processors
Browsing & scrolling
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Lunzer, Aran
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Hornbaek, Kasper
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and
Technology
2006-10-15
p.145-154
© Copyright 2006 ACM
Summary: Many tasks require users to extract information from diverse sources, to
edit or process this information locally, and to explore how the end results
are affected by changes in the information or in its processing. We present the
RecipeSheet, a general-purpose tool for assisting users in such tasks. The
RecipeSheet lets users create information processors, called recipes, which may
take input in a variety of forms such as text, Web pages, or XML, and produce
results in a similar variety of forms. The processing carried out by a recipe
may be specified using a macro or query language, of which we currently support
Rexx, Smalltalk and XQuery, or by capturing the behaviour of a Web application
or Web service. In the RecipeSheet's spreadsheet-inspired user interface,
information appears in cells, with inter-cell dependencies defined by recipes
rather than formulas. Users can also intervene manually to control which
information flows through the dependency connections. Through a series of
examples we illustrate how tasks that would be challenging in existing
environments are supported by the RecipeSheet.
[5]
Clip, connect, clone: combining application elements to build custom
interfaces for information access
Document interaction
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Fujima, Jun
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Lunzer, Aran
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Hornbaek, Kasper
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Tanaka, Yuzuru
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and
Technology
2004-10-24
p.175-184
© Copyright 2004 ACM
Summary: Many applications provide a form-like interface for requesting information:
the user fills in some fields, submits the form, and the application presents
corresponding results. Such a procedure becomes burdensome if (1) the user must
submit many different requests, for example in pursuing a trial-and-error
search, (2) results from one application are to be used as inputs for another,
requiring the user to transfer them by hand, or (3) the user wants to compare
results, but only the results from one request can be seen at a time. We
describe how users can reduce this burden by creating custom interfaces using
three mechanisms: clipping of input and result elements from existing
applications to form cells on a spreadsheet; connecting these cells using
formulas, thus enabling result transfer between applications; and cloning cells
so that multiple requests can be handled side by side. We demonstrate a
prototype of these mechanisms, initially specialised for handling Web
applications, and show how it lets users build new interfaces to suit their
individual needs.
[6]
Usability studies on a visualisation for parallel display and control of
alternative scenarios
Improving visualization
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Lunzer, Aran
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Hornbæk, Kasper
Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Advanced Visual
Interfaces
2004-05-25
p.125-132
Keywords: information visualisation, iterative design and evaluation, subjunctive
interfaces, usability study
© Copyright 2004 ACM
Summary: Many applications require comparison between alternative scenarios; most
support it poorly. A subjunctive interface supports comparison through its
facilities for parallel setup, viewing and control of scenarios. To evaluate
the usability and benefits of these facilities, we ran experiments in which
subjects used both a simple and a subjunctive interface to make comparisons in
a census data set. In the first experiment, subjects reported higher
satisfaction and lower workload with the subjunctive interface, and relied less
on interim marks on paper. Subjects also used fewer interface actions. However,
we found no reduction in task completion time, mainly because some subjects
encountered problems in using the facilities for setting up and controlling
scenarios. Based on a detailed analysis of subjects' actions we redesigned the
subjunctive interface to alleviate frequent problems, such as accidentally
adjusting only one scenario when the intention was to adjust them all. At the
end of a second, five-session experiment, users of this redesigned interface
completed tasks 27% more quickly than with the simple interface.
[7]
C3W: clipping, connecting and cloning for the web
Posters
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Fujima, Jun
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Lunzer, Aran
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Hornbæk, Kasper
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Tanaka, Yuzuru
Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on the World Wide Web
2004-05-17
v.2
p.444-445
Keywords: Web application linkage, Web navigation, intelligent Pad, interfaces,
subjunctive
© Copyright 2004 International World Wide Web Conference Committee (IW3C2)
Summary: Many of today's Web applications support just simple trial-and error
retrievals: supply one set of parameters, obtain one set of results. For a user
who wants to examine a number of alternative retrievals, this form of
interaction is inconvenient and frustrating. It can be hard work to keep
finding and adjusting the parameter specification widgets buried in a Web page,
and to remember or record each result set. Moreover, when using diverse Web
applications in combination -- transferring result data from one into the
parameters for another -- the lack of an easy way to automate that transfer
merely increases the frustration. Our solution is to integrate techniques for
each of three key activities: clipping elements from Web pages to wrap an
application; connecting wrapped applications using spreadsheet-like formulas;
and cloning the interface elements so that several sets of parameters and
results may be handled in parallel. We describe a prototype that implements
this solution, showing how it enables rapid and flexible exploration of the
resources accessible through user-chosen combinations of Web applications. Our
aim in this work is to contribute to research on making optimal use of the
wealth of information on the Web, by providing interaction techniques that
address very practical needs.
[8]
Side-By-Side Display and Control of Multiple Scenarios: Subjunctive
Interfaces for Exploring Multi-Attribute Data
Full Papers
/
Lunzer, A.
/
Hornbæk, K.
Proceedings of OZCHI'03, the CHISIG Annual Conference on Human-Computer
Interaction
2003-11-26
p.202-210
© Copyright 2003 CHISIG and author(s)
Summary: Information exploration often involves specifying alternative values for
some set of parameters, and comparing the corresponding results. Some
interfaces allow only one scenario, i.e., one set of parameter values, to be
handled at a time. To compare results, the user must therefore switch
repeatedly among the scenarios of interest and must remember details of the
results seen so far. A subjunctive-interface approach may reduce this burden on
the user. Subjunctive interfaces let users establish, view and adjust multiple
scenarios in parallel, so that results can be compared side by side. As an
illustration, we describe two subjunctive interfaces for comparing queries over
a multi-attribute dataset. In both designs the query results are shown side by
side, but in one case the input parameters' available values are laid out in
menus, marked to show which queries use each value; in the other case the
parameters are controlled by sliders, with the parameters' values in the
different queries displayed side by side like the results. Both designs appear
to offer advantages over other exploration interfaces, because they reduce the
number of interface actions required and the information that users must
remember.
[9]
'Subjunctive Interface' Support for Combining Context-Dependent
Semi-Structured Resources
/
Lunzer, A.
Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT'01: Human-Computer Interaction
2001-07-09
p.761-762
[10]
Choice and Comparison Where the User Wants Them: Subjunctive Interfaces for
Computer-supported Exploration
Search
/
Lunzer, A.
Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT'99: Human-Computer Interaction
1999-08-30
p.474-482
© Copyright 1999 IFIP
[11]
Reconnaissance Support for Juggling Multiple Processing Options
Visualization I
/
Lunzer, Aran
Proceedings of the 1994 ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and
Technology
1994-11-02
p.27-28
Keywords: Interaction techniques, Direct manipulation, Dynamic query, Graphical user
interfaces, Visual programming, Data visualisation
© Copyright 1994 Association for Computing Machinery
TechNote
Summary: A large proportion of computer-supported tasks -- such as design
exploration, decision analysis, data presentation, and many kinds of retrieval
-- can be characterised as user-driven processing of a body of data in search
of an outcome that satisfies the user. Clearly such tasks can never be
automated fully, but few existing tools offer support for mechanising more than
the simplest repetitive aspects of the search. Reconnaissance facilities, in
which the computer produces summary reports from exploration in directions
suggested by the user, can save the user time and effort by revealing which
areas are the most deserving of detailed investigation. The time users are
prepared to spend on searching will be more effectively used, improving the
likelihood of finding solutions that really meet their needs rather than merely
being the first to appear satisfactory. This note describes an implemented
example of reconnaissance, based on the parallel coordinates presentation
technique.