| Designing Interactive Computing for Happy Healthy Life | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 1-13 | |
| Ellen Yi-Luen Do | |||
| The future of design computing is in the making of intelligent and
interactive technologies for a smart living environment. This chapter explores
the concepts of technology as magic and provides examples of creative design
computing projects to illustrate the opportunities and challenges for making
smart objects, interactive furniture and responsive environments. Keywords: design; interactive computing; human-computer interaction | |||
| Computing the Incomputable with Human Processing Units | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 14-24 | |
| Jonathan Corney; Gokula Annamalai Vasantha; Andrew Lynn; Ananda Jagadeesan; Nuran Acur; Marisa Smith; Anupam Agarwal | |||
| Initially commercial crowdsourcing services (such as Amazon's Mechanical
Turk) were focused largely on providing micro-labor services for tasks such as
image labeling and text processing. However it is becoming increasingly
apparent that these services can also be regarded as providing parallel,
on-demand, networks of (so-called) 'Human Processing Units' (HPUs). Such
services are able to provide specialist computational facilities in a manner
analogous to the way Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) support the specialist
process of high speed rendering. This paper describes how this new technology
could extend the functionality of mechanical CAD/CAM or PLM systems. Crucial to
the commercial feasibility of such systems is the ability to access networks of
HPUs where engineering data can be processed securely (unlike open
crowdsourcing sites such as mTurk). The paper reports the initial results of
work done to establish the feasibility of a proposed architecture for
integrating HPUs into desktop CAD that uses established BPO centers in rural
India to provide a secure source of geometric intelligence. Keywords: Crowdsourcing; Human Processing Units; CAD/CAM; BPO | |||
| Indexing for Image Retrieval: A Machine Learning Based Approach | | BIBA | Full-Text | 25-39 | |
| Santanu Chaudhury; Ehtesham Hassan | |||
| In this paper, we explore the use of machine learning for multimedia indexing and retrieval involving single/multiple features. Indexing of large image collection has been well researched problem. However, machine learning for combination of features in image indexing and retrieval framework is not explored. In this context, the paper presents novel formulation of multiple kernel learning in hashing for multimedia indexing. The framework learns combination of multiple features/ modalities for defining composite document indices in genetic algorithm based framework. We have demonstrated the evaluation of framework on dataset of handwritten digit images. Subsequently, the utility of the framework is explored for development for multi-modal retrieval of document images. | |||
| A Unifying Framework for Correspondence-Less Shape Alignment and Its Medical Applications | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 40-52 | |
| Zoltan Kato | |||
| We give an overview of our general framework for registering 2D and 3D
objects without correspondences. Classical solutions consist in extracting
landmarks, establishing correspondences and then the aligning transformation is
obtained via a complex optimization procedure. In contrast, our framework works
without landmark correspondences, is independent of the magnitude of
transformation, easy to implement, and has a linear time complexity. The
efficiency and robustness of the method has been demonstrated using various
deformations models. Herein, we will focus on medical applications. Keywords: Registration; Shape; 3D Object; Affine transformation; Thin plate splines;
Bone Fracture; Prostate; MRI; TRUS | |||
| Adaptive Hand Gesture Recognition System for Multiple Applications | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 53-65 | |
| Siddharth S. Rautaray; Anupam Agrawal | |||
| With the increasing role of computing devices facilitating natural human
computer interaction (HCI) will have a positive impact on their usage and
acceptance as a whole. Techniques such as vision, sound, speech recognition
allow for a much richer form of interaction between the user and machine. The
emphasis is to provide a natural form of interface for interaction. As gesture
commands are found to be natural for humans, the development of the gesture
based system interface have become an important research area. One of the
drawbacks of present gesture recognition systems is application dependent which
makes it difficult to transfer one gesture control interface into multiple
applications. This paper focuses on designing a hand gesture recognition system
which is adaptable to multiple applications thus making the gesture recognition
systems to be application adaptive. The designed system is comprised of the
different processing steps like detection, segmentation, tracking, recognition
etc. For making system application-adaptive different quantitative and
qualitative parameters have been taken into consideration. The quantitative
parameters include gesture recognition rate, features extracted and root mean
square error of the system and the qualitative parameters include
intuitiveness, accuracy, stress/comfort, computational efficiency, the user's
tolerance, and real-time performance related to the proposed system. These
parameters have a vital impact on the performance of the proposed application
adaptive hand gesture recognition system. Keywords: application-adaptive; gesture recognition; interface; qualitative;
quantitative parameters | |||
| Enhancement of High Dynamic Range Dark Images Using Internal Noise in DWT Domain | | BIBA | Full-Text | 66-74 | |
| Nidhi Gupta; Rajib Jha | |||
| Among the various existing techniques for the enhancement of dark images, it has been observed that if the images have certain bright area, then it becomes more bright after application of those techniques. The idea has emerged from this existing drawback. In this paper we have changed the parameter used earlier. In aspect of the visual performance the proposed algorithm emerges as quite easy and efficient with keeping concentration on the bright area that should not to be degraded. The decomposition of areas has been done on the basis of entropy of the image. Dynamic SR has been applied in iterative manner and the optimum output response is ensured by the various parameter metrics of the image. Parameter ensures the optimality via statistical and quantitative analysis of the result obtained. The proposed approach is compared with other existing techniques and it has been found that since number of iterations has been reduced drastically, hence the total consumed time. The rate of accuracy is highly increased and no information loss in the output. Also the color quality is maintained and sharpness has been enhanced as well. | |||
| Identification of Title for Natural Languages Using Resource Description Framework and Anaphoric Reference Resolution | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 75-88 | |
| Madhuri A. Tayal; Mukesh Raghuwanshi; Latesh Malik | |||
| In the today's era of growing information it is very difficult to go through
the actual contents of a text-document. Title of a text-document is a
collection of meaningful words that signify the content at a glance. This paper
presents the method for identifying a title for a text-document using elements
of language specific grammar structure i.e. Subject, verb and objects. Ordered
this grammar structure is called as RDF (Resource Description Framework).
Thismethod firstly, selects certain sentences in the current document. Then it
parses them into RDF. Using search engine it retrieves matched documents for
the RDF's. Finally it adopts the title of the best retrieved document as the
new title of the current document. This approach works well for any domain
related text-documents. The use of Anaphoric reference resolution of discourse
processing has further enhanced the result of title identification. Keywords: Text document; Chen's Algorithm; RDF (Resource Description Framework);
Anaphoric resolution; Discourse processing | |||
| Facilitating Social Interaction in Public Space | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 89-101 | |
| Nishtha Mehrotra; Pradeep Yammiyavar | |||
| Social capital is about the value of social networks, bonding similar people
and bridging between diverse people, with norms of reciprocity. Social capital
is fundamentally about how people interact with each other[24]. Public Spaces
can provide an ideal location for building social capital. We outline our
design approach, which involved conducting a user perception study of
interaction in private public spaces. Based on the study, a framework of
relationship -- patterns was developed. We have further identified key
components of social interaction installations and common interaction design
modalities. The study reported in this paper will be used to develop a design
that aims to foster community bonding in a city environment through
socialization and play. The possibility of adopting digital technologies in
giving a new meaning to public space has been explored. Keywords: Social Capital; Interaction Design; Public space; Digital Bonding | |||
| Testing the Effectiveness of Named Entities in Aligning Comparable English-Bengali Document Pair | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 102-110 | |
| Rajdeep Gupta; Sivaji Bandyopadhyay | |||
| Named entities (NEs) play an important role in Cross Lingual Information
Retrieval (CLIR). To verify whether documents in two different languages share
information about same things, we may check if those two documents have fair
number of NEs in common. Comparable documents generally share many named
entities. In the present work, we test the effectiveness of named entities in
aligning English-Bengali comparable document pairs. We develop an aligned
corpus of English-Bengali document pairs using Wikipedia. We crawl
English-Bengali document pairs by visiting the cross-lingual links found in the
documents on Wikipedia. These document pairs are assumed to be comparable. To
find the effectiveness of NE in aligning English-Bengali document pair, each
English document is compared with all the other Bengali documents and the most
similar Bengali document in terms of NE similarity is found. And then it is
verified whether it is aligned successfully (since we already know the correct
alignment). Rule based transliteration module is used to transliterate English
named entities into Bengali named entities. Since, transliteration modules may
not always produce exact transliterations; textual properties like longest
common subsequence and minimum edit distance are adopted to check whether two
Bengali words can be considered as alignment of each other. Our system achieved
an accuracy of 45% for 100 English-Bengali document pairs. Keywords: Cross lingual information retrieval; Named entity; Document similarity;
Comparable Documents | |||
| Self-embedding Pixel Wise Fragile Watermarking Scheme for Image Authentication | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 111-122 | |
| Durgesh Singh; Shivendra Shivani; Suneeta Agarwal | |||
| This paper presents an effective self-embedding pixel wise fragile
watermarking scheme for image content authentication along with tampered region
localization capability. In this approach the watermark is generated from the
five most significant bits (MSBs) of each pixel using three different
algorithms and embedded into the three least significant bits (LSBs) of the
corresponding pixel in the host image. At the receiver side by comparing the
recalculated and extracted LSBs, one can easily identify the tampered pixels of
the watermarked image. Results of experiments demonstrate that the proposed
scheme has very high fragility and fidelity. Keywords: Fragile Watermarking; Tamper Detection; Self-embedding | |||
| CUDA Based Interactive Volume Rendering of 3D Medical Data | | BIBA | Full-Text | 123-132 | |
| Piyush Kumar; Anupam Agrawal | |||
| Improving the image quality and the rendering speed have always been a challenge to the programmers involved in large scale volume rendering especially in the field of medical image processing. The paper aims to perform volume rendering using the GPU, in which, with its massively parallel capability has the potential to revolutionize this field. The final results would allow the doctors to diagnose and analyze the 2D CT-scan data using three dimensional visualization techniques. The system is used in two types of data, one is human abdomen (45 MB) and colon_phantom8 (300MB) volume data. Further, the use of CUDA framework, a low learning curve technology, for such purpose would greatly reduce the cost involved in CT scan analysis; hence bring it to the common masses. The volume rendering has been done on Nvidia Tesla C1060 card and its performance has also been benchmarked. | |||
| Enhancement of Screen Film Mammogram Up to a Level of Digital Mammogram | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 133-142 | |
| Aparna Bhale; Manish Joshi | |||
| Breast cancer is one of the major causes of death among women. If a cancer
can be detected early, the options of treatment and the chances of total
recovery will increase. From a woman's point of view, the procedure practiced
(compression of breasts to record an image) to obtain a digital mammogram (DM)
is exactly the same that is used to obtain a screen film mammogram (SFM). The
quality of DM is undoubtedly better than SFM.
However, obtaining DM is costlier and very few institutions can afford DM machines. According to the National Cancer Institute 92% of breast imaging centers in India do not have digital mammography machines [14] and they depend on the conventional SFM. Hence in this context, one should answer 'Can SFM be enhanced up to a level of DM?' In this paper we discuss, our experimental analysis in this regard. We applied elementary image enhancement techniques to obtain enhanced SFM. We performed the quality analysis of digital mammogram and enhanced SFM using standard metrics like PSNR and RMSE on more than 350 mammograms. The results showed that the clarity of processed SFM is as good as digital mammogram. Keywords: Mammogram; SFM; histogram; PSNR; RMSE | |||
| An Object Separability Based No-Reference Image Quality Measure Using Statistical Properties of Objects | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 143-153 | |
| De Kanjar; V. Masilamani | |||
| In many modern image processing applications determining quality of the
image is one of the most challenging tasks. Researchers working in the field of
image quality assessment design algorithms for measuring and quantifying image
quality. The human eye can identify the difference between a good quality image
and a noisy image by simply looking at the image, but designing a computer
algorithm to automatically determine the quality of an image is a very
challenging task. In this paper we propose an image quality measure using the
concept of object separability. We define object separability using variance.
Two objects are very well separated if variance of individual object is less
and mean pixel values of neighboring objects are very different. Keywords: Image Quality; No-Reference image quality; Object separability | |||
| Generation of Future Image Frames for an Image Sequence | | BIBA | Full-Text | 154-162 | |
| Nishchal K. Verma; Ankan Bansal; Shikha Singh | |||
| A way of generating the future frames of an image sequence is presented. In this paper first we present a way of predicting the future positions of rigid moving objects in a given sequence of images from a static camera. The moving object is first extracted from the images and its centroid is found as a measure of its position. These positions are used to find the future positions of the object using Artificial Neural Network models. This approach is found to predict the positions with very good accuracy. Next we give an algorithm for generating complete future image frames. The optical flow of the images is calculated to find the velocity of each pixel. Time series of the velocities are constructed for each pixel for both dimensions. A separate neural network model is used to predict the future velocities of each pixel and the pixels are then mapped to their new positions. Two different types of neural network models (sigmoidal function networks and radial basis function networks) have been used. | |||
| Solving a Maze: Experimental Exploration on Wayfinding Behavior for Cognitively Enhanced Collaborative Control | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 163-177 | |
| Adity Saikia; Shyamanta M. Hazarika | |||
| The work described in this paper stems from the Cognitive Wheelchair Project
-- an effort to build a cognitively enhanced collaborative control architecture
for an intelligent wheelchair. A number of challenges arises when developing
such a system including ensuring indiscernibility of assistance provided by the
system i.e., user unable to realize so easily that he is getting help. In this
paper, our focus is primarily on design of such a reactive navigator for
collaborative control of an intelligent wheelchair. Under conditions attuned to
replicate the scenarios available to the wheelchair, we conducted a series of
maze solving experiments. A set of design elements were extracted from the
wayfinding experiment leading to the finite state machine (FSM) characterizing
the reactive navigator. The FSM arrived at through such an exercise is expected
to emulate the cognitive processes of human wayfinding under environment
conditions as perceivable to an intelligent wheelchair and ensure
indiscernibility of assistance. Keywords: Cognitive modelling; Collaborative control | |||
| Semantic Annotation of Web Documents for Efficient Information Retrieval | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 178-185 | |
| Rashmi Chauhan; Rayan H. Goudar | |||
| Searching the vast and distributed structure of the web requires the
efficient search schemes. Semantic annotation is used to associate the
meaningful tags with a document to perform semantic search. This paper puts
forward an automatic approach for annotating web documents for efficient
information retrieval. The proposed algorithm for semantic annotation
constitutes five rules based on ontology and provides the semantic tags along
with the degree of correlation between a tag and the consequent web document.
As the annotation would be done automatically, the results obtained for a query
would always be relevant and thus the improved precision and recall. Keywords: ontology; semantic information retrieval; semantic annotation; Ranking;
semantic index | |||
| Intelligent Interactive Tutor for Rural Indian Education System | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 186-199 | |
| Omna Toshniwal; Pradeep Yammiyavar | |||
| Rapid advancement in technology calls for efficient applications for
empowering the rural population. Education is one of the fields holding
innumerable developmental opportunities in rural India and with growing
educational research, the challenges faced in the rural education system can be
met. Concerns surrounding the Learner, Teacher and Infrastructure can be
catered by introducing an intelligent interactive tutor in rural areas. This
paper looks at the potential applications supported by the recent developments
in Learning Technologies, which can be implemented in the context of Rural
India. We also propose a model which uses the Problem Based Learning (PBL)
approach to develop conceptual, practical and strategic knowledge of the
learners and allow better transferability. Cognitive Load Theory and Learner
Models provide the Instruction Design guidelines for the proposed tutoring
system. The testing for effectiveness of the conceptual model of this tutor is
under progress. Keywords: Adaptive and Adaptable Scaffolding; Transferability; Problem Based Learning;
Instruction Design; Learner Models | |||
| Crop Classification Using Gene Expression Programming Technique | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 200-210 | |
| Omkar Subbarama Narasipura; Rithu Leena John; Nikita Choudhry; Yeshavanta Kubusada; Yeshavanta Kubusada; Giridhar Bhageshpur | |||
| Precise classification of agricultural crops provides vital information on
the type and extent of crops cultivated in a particular area. This information
plays an important role in planning further cultivation activities. Image
classification forms the core of the solution to the crop coverage
identification problem. In this paper we present the experimental results
obtained by using Gene Expression Programming (GEP) to classify the crop data
obtained from satellite images. We have adopted supervised one-against-all
learning technique to perform the classification of data. Gene Expression
Programming provides an efficient method for obtaining classification rules in
the form of a mathematical expression for a given data set containing input and
output variables. We have also compared the classification efficiencies
obtained with those of other classifiers namely Support vector machines and
Artificial neural networks. Sensitivity Analysis has also been carried out to
determine the significance of each input variable. Keywords: Gene expression programming; crop classification; Sensitivity analysis | |||
| Software Security Testing Process: Phased Approach | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 211-217 | |
| Suhel Ahmad Khan; Raees Ahmad Khan | |||
| Early identification of defects and prevention of defects migration are key
goals of the software security testing process. Early integration of security
testing activities into the development lifecycle leads to secure software
development. The prescribed key activities of security testing are closely
interconnected with security development life cycle to deliver secure software.
Software test process elaborates various testing activities and describes which
activity is to be carried out when. Given the need and significance of phased
approach of security testing, this paper proposes different testing activities
to be carried out while integrating it within the security development life
cycle. Keywords: Software Security Testing; Security Test Life Cycle; Security Test Cases | |||
| An ε- Optimal Strategy of Algorithmic Game Theory for Project Selection under Fuzziness | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 218-230 | |
| Tuli Bakshi; Bijan Sarkar; Subir K. Sanyal; Arindam Sinharay | |||
| Software project success or failure depends on the ineffective software
project management. Success or failure of any project can be attributed by
incorrect handling of one or more project variables such as people, proper
technology, proper project scheduling and selection. Among these attributes
proper project selection is one of the most vital part of software project
management. There exist many uncertainties in project management and current
software engineering techniques are unable to eliminate them. So there is huge
scope for developing. The current researchers have developed a unique model
which is capable to take decision on the field of software project selection.
This model has two embedded sub models namely fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy
Process) and strategic game model. Here in the first case experts opinions are
considered under fuzzy environment and in the second case, different decisions
makers act as players in the game module. Different criteria are taken into
consideration for choosing optimal strategy of the players. An elaborated case
study is also analyzed for testing the output of the system. Keywords: Software project management; project selection; fuzzy AHP; Strategic game;
optimal strategy | |||
| Factors of Influence in Co-located Multimodal Interactions | | BIBA | Full-Text | 231-245 | |
| Ramadevi Vennelakanti; Anbumani Subramanian; Sriganesh Madhvanath; Prasenjit Dey | |||
| Most work on multimodal interaction in the human computer interaction (HCI) space has focused on enabling a user to use one or more modalities in combination to interact with a system. However, there is still a long way to go towards making human-to-machine communication as rich and intuitive as human-to-human communication. In human-to-human communication, modalities are used individually, simultaneously, interchangeably or in combination. The choice of modalities is dependent on a variety of factors including the context of conversation, social distance, physical proximity, duration, etc. We believe such intuitive multimodal communication is the direction in which human-to-machine interaction is headed in the future. In this paper, we present the insights we have from studying current human-machine interaction methods. We carried out an ethnographic study to observe and study users in their homes as they interacted with media and media devices, by themselves and in small groups. One of the key learning we have from this study is the understanding of the impact of the user's context on the choice of interaction modalities. The user context factors that influence the choice of interaction modalities include, but are not limited to: the distance of the user from the device/media, the user's body posture during the media interaction, the user's involvement level with the media, seating patterns (cluster) of the co-located participants, the roles that each participant plays, the notion of control among the participants, duration of the activity and so on. We believe that the insights from this study can inform the design of the next generation multimodal interfaces that are sensitive to user context, perform a robust interpretation of the interaction inputs and support more human-like multimodal interaction. | |||
| Hierarchal Structure of Community and Link Analysis | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 246-254 | |
| Seema Mishra; G. C. Nandi | |||
| Discovering the hierarchy of organizational structure in a dynamic social
network can unveil significant patterns which can help in network analysis. In
this paper, we formulated a methodology to establish the most influential
person in a temporal communication network from the perspective of frequency of
interactions which works on hierarchal structure. With the help of frequency of
interactions, we have calculated the individual score of each person from Page
Rank algorithm. Subsequently, a graph is generated that showed the influence of
each individual in the network. Rigorous experiments we performed using Enron
data set to establish a fact that our proposed methodology correctly identifies
the influential persons over the temporal network. We have used Enron Company's
email data set that describes how employees of company interacted with each
other. We could analyze from our methodology and verify from the facts in the
Company's dataset since after bankruptcy, the result of interactions and
behaviors of the individual of the network are absolutely known. Our result
shows that the proposed methodology is generic and can be applied to other data
sets of communication to identify influential at particular instances. Keywords: Dynamic social network analysis; social network analysis; hierarchal
structure | |||
| A Model to Calculate Knowledge from Knowledge Base | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 255-261 | |
| Anurag Singh; Kumar Anurupam; Rajnish Sagar; Shashi Kant Rai | |||
| Knowledge base can be defined as the database of knowledge. It comprises of
several factors including information, intelligence, skill set and experience.
Experience is the most important factor amongst these. This paper talks about
the model to calculate the knowledge of an entity in terms of mathematics.
Knowledge will be calculated by taking the above mentioned four elements. This
will be beneficial for any organizations in the sense that they will be able to
calculate their current knowledge and the knowledge required at a particular
instance. This will in turn save the wastage of resources that the organization
holds knowledge can be created through various factors and utilization of
resources of the organization. The second benefit will be reduction in the
amount of time taken to create knowledge. These two benefits shall be discussed
in detail in the later sections. Keywords: Experience; information; knowledge; knowledge base | |||
| Information Extraction from High Resolution Satellite Imagery Using Integration Technique | | BIBA | Full-Text | 262-271 | |
| Pankaj Pratap Singh; R. D. Garg | |||
| This paper presents an integration technique for extraction of Information from high resolution satellite image and also demonstrates the accuracy achieved by the final extracted information. The integration technique comprises of an improved mathematical morphology based watershed transform and a non-linear derivative method. It overcomes all the disadvantages of existing region based and edge based methods by incorporating aforesaid integration methods. It preserves the advantages of multi-resolution and multi-scale gradient approaches. Using these approaches, it avoids excessive fragmentation into regions. The watershed segmentation is proved to be a powerful and fast technique for both contour detection and region-based segmentation. In principle, watershed segmentation depends on ridges to perform a proper segmentation, a property that is often fulfilled for contour detection where the boundaries of the objects have been expressed as ridges. On the other hand, the non-linear derivative method is used for resolving the discrete edge detection problem. Since it automatically selects the best edge localization, which is very much useful for estimation of gradient selection. The main benefit of univocal edge localization is to provide a better direction estimation of the gradient, which helps in producing a confident edge reference map for synthetic images. This nonlinearity will effectively improve global filtration process and regarded to be an effective technique for regularization in order to provide information extraction in a valid manner. The practical merit of this proposed method is to derive an impervious surface from emerging urban areas. Hence this proposed method gives a major contribution in the field of satellite image for information extraction. | |||
| Multilevel Semi-fragile Watermarking Technique for Improving Biometric Fingerprint System Security | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 272-283 | |
| M. V. Joshi; Vaibhav B. Joshi; Mehul S. Raval | |||
| Classical biometric system are prone to compromise at several points. Two of
the vulnerable points are: 1. biometric database 2. biometric feature matcher
subsystem. We propose a two level watermarking scheme to secure these
vulnerable points. Watermark W1 is used for database authentication and made
resistive to lossy compression. It is derived using block based singular values
(SV's) of a fingerprint image. W1 establish linkages between watermark and
fingerprint image. Watermark W2 is used to secure feature matcher subsystem. It
is computed using second and third order moments of the fingerprint image. W2
is made resistive to mild affine transformation and lossy compression to
incorporate practical aspects of biometric fingerprint system. The proposed
watermarking method not only provides protection to database and matcher
subsystem, it also gives security against copy attack. Keywords: Fingerprint; moments; semi-fragile; singular value decomposition (SVD);
watermarking | |||
| Implementation of Fractal Dimension for Finding 3D Objects: A Texture Segmentation and Evaluation Approach | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 284-296 | |
| T. Pant | |||
| In present paper, a non-Euclidean approach for finding high dimensional
objects has been proposed. The approach is based on the fact that fractal
dimension represents the roughness of 2D objects in digital images which can be
measured and used to infer about the structure of objects. Since fractal
dimension varies in the range 2.0 to 3.0, where the objects having higher value
of fractal dimension represent more dense objects in terms of their space
filling property, the measurement of fractal dimension leads to discriminate
various objects. The image texture obtained from fractal map has been used for
this discrimination. The texture map is segmented on the basis of fractal
dimension values and segmentation evaluation has been done. The results
obtained for the test images are promising and show that the image texture can
be segmented using fractal dimension values. The possible future scope of the
work has also been highlighted with the applications in real life, e.g.,
computer vision. Keywords: Fractal dimension; Image segmentation; Segmentation evaluation; Texture | |||
| Fuzzy Clustering of Image Trademark Database and Pre-processing Using Adaptive Filter and Karhunen-Loève Transform | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 297-305 | |
| Akriti Nigam; Ajay Indoria; R. C. Tripathi | |||
| In this paper an efficient preprocessing module has been described which
focuses on building a trademark database that can be used for developing a
trademark retrieval system. The preprocessing module focuses on noise removal
from the trademark images using an adaptive filtering technique using Wiener
filters, followed by Karhunen-Loève Transform that makes the trademark
search process rotation invariant by rotating the object along positive y
direction. Since the registered trademarks are huge in number and will increase
invariantly in the future it will be strenuous for the search system to search
for similarity in such huge database. Intention is to reduce the search space
hence Fuzzy Clustering has been applied. Keywords: Noise removal; Weiner filter; Hotelling transform; Karhunen-Loève
transform; Fuzzy Clustering | |||
| Lesion Detection in Eye Due to Diabetic Retinopathy | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 306-315 | |
| Pankaj Badoni; R. C. Tripathi | |||
| Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the chronic diseases which has caused
stir in the medical world, since initial symptoms are hard to detect or predict
and if it goes unnoticed then it may lead to permanent blindness. So the need
arises for fast and efficient systems which can detect whether the patient is
suffering from DR or not. In automatic detection of lesion in eye due to
diabetic retinopathy the lesions are detected based upon the lesion's
characteristic for e.g. exudates are bright spots and hemorrhages are dark
lesions. The detection of lesions facilitates in initial screening step of the
disease, with this we can perform automatic screening of images whether they
are DR infected or not. In present system with the help of morphological image
processing techniques, we are trying to detect lesions in two categories i.e.
dark and bright lesions. The present system is able to detect 90% exudates in
image and 85% dark lesions. Keywords: Morphology; Exudates; HAMs; Diabetic retinopathy; Haemorrhages | |||
| Classification and Live Migration of Data-Intensive Cloud Computing Environment | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 316-324 | |
| Sandip Kumar Pasayat; Sarada Prasanna Pati; Prasant Kumar Pattnaik | |||
| Cloud computing is an emerging technology providing software and hardware
resources to the users' as pay-per-use basis, on the other hand in surge demand
of current needs of anywhere and anytime the concept of mobile computing came
into view. Both aims to provide service to the users as per their requirements
and cloud computing provide better flexibility in terms of PaaS, SaaS and IaaS.
Database handling is the important consideration of above type of computing
environments. Many researchers are proposed issues of database using SQL and
NoSQL space suitably for cloud computing scenario. Again available
classification for the cloud database sited as a structured and unstructured
schema-based along with small and big databases concepts. In this paper we have
conducted a study of cloud databases as well as its classification in terms of
ACID and NoACID. Again our work focuses on the architectural issues on Database
as a Service (DaaS) based on the live migration from ACID based Database to
NoACID based Database and vice-versa. Keywords: Cloud Computing; Mobile Computing; DaaS; CDS; DBMS; ACID; NoACID; Live
Migration; UDB; DPSN | |||
| Speed Invariant, Human Gait Based Recognition System for Video Surveillance Security | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 325-335 | |
| A Priydarshi; Anup Nandy; Pavan Chakraborty; G. C. Nandi | |||
| Human gait provides an important and useful behavioral biometric signature
which characterizes the nature of an individual's walking pattern. This
inherent knowledge of gait feature confirms the correct identification of a
person in a video surveillance footage scenario. In this paper, we attempt to
use computer vision based technique to derive the gait signature of a person
which is a major criterion for the gait based recognition system. The gait
signature has been obtained from the sequence of silhouette images at various
gait speeds varying from 2km/hr. to 7km/hr. The OU- ISIR Treadmill walking
speed databases have been used in our research work. The joint angles of knee
and ankle are computed from the stick figure of corresponding human silhouettes
which lead to construct our feature template together with the other gait
attributes such as width, height, area and diagonal angle of human silhouette.
The combined gait features will make the system robust in different gait
speeds. The major concept behind making the gait recognition speed invariant is
that the human can walk in finite speed so instead of training the classifier
for a single speed the classifier is to be trained for multiple speeds. A
minimum distance classifier is used to separate out different cluster of
subject with combined feature vectors at different gait speeds. Keywords: Human Gait; Minimum Distance; Gait Cycle; Speed Invariant | |||
| Multiresolution Framework Based Global Optimization Technique for Multimodal Image Registration | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 336-347 | |
| Arpita Das; Mahua Bhattacharya | |||
| This study has examined the problem of accurate optimization for fully
automatic registration of brain images. Though the proposed global optimization
techniques produce encouraging results, their speed of convergence is slow in
compare to other local optimization techniques. To speed up the optimization
techniques, we introduce multiresolution framework and gain a hierarchical
knowledge of transformation parameters. This approach has tried to avoid the
stuck in problem of local optimization technique and enhances the speed of
convergence of high-dimensional searching algorithms. Keywords: Registration; Multiresolution; Global Optimization; Convergence rate | |||